Infectious diseases are usually caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These diseases are transmitted from one individual to the other through direct or indirect contact. Anti-infective drugs inhibit the growth of such diseases. These drugs act through a mechanism of host defense system which directly targets the causative agent. Infectious diseases such as malaria, HIV, tuberculosis, influenza, hepatitis A, and hepatitis C are the major diseases causing majority of deaths in the world.

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